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Bad cellar reasons:
The first is cold damage. It refers to the long-term low temperature below 9°C and the destruction of metabolic activity. Generally in the cellar temperature of 8-9 °C under 10 days, or cellar temperature of 5-6 °C under 6 days, or cellar temperature of 2-3 °C under 3 days, are easy to produce cold damage.
The second is freezing injury. When the temperature drops to -1.3 - 2 °C, it is easy to produce frost damage. After being chilled or chilled, it can easily cause the invasion of bacteria, resulting in a lot of rotten pits.
The third is wet damage. The temperature at the early stage of storage is relatively high, and the air of the potato body is prosperous. The water vapor in the potato pile rises. When it is cold, it condenses into water droplets, and it is easy for the potato body to rot when wet.
The fourth is disease. The main diseases caused by the storage period of rotten pits are black spot, soft rot, dry rot and nematode.
Comprehensive measures to prevent rotten pits:
Sweet potato harvest should be controlled in the local ten days when the average temperature dropped to 14-15 °C is appropriate, generally in early November before and after the beginning of winter harvest, grab the sunny day to dig. In the operation, attention should be paid to the fine collection of finesse and to avoid dug, scrape, and bruise. Before entering the pit, scrape the old soil on the pit wall and smear it with lime slurry. The bottom of the pit was excavated and the soil was 15 cm thick. After removing the soil, lime was sprinkled and the pit was smoked with sulphur. Use 50 grams of sulfur per cubic meter. After ignition, close the cell mouth and smoke for 1-2 days. Then open the vent hole. The cellar is sprayed with 1% copper sulfate solution or formaldehyde 50 times. It can also be mixed with formaldehyde and potassium permanganate, closed and fumigated.
After the sweet potato enters the pit, avoid sealing the cellar prematurely, pay attention to ventilation and heat dissipation, prevent the cellar from burning, maintain the temperature of 15-20°C and the relative humidity of 90%. After the winter solstice, the cold wave is frequent and the temperature is low. Attention should be paid to the insulation and cold protection, and it is advisable to keep the stacking temperature in the pit of about 12-13°C. After the beginning of spring, when the weather is cold and hot, the temperature changes fluctuately. At this time, sweet potatoes begin to sprout, the resistance weakens, and they are easily rot. Therefore, when the weather turns warm, it should be ventilated and cooled.
How to improve the safe storage of sweet potatoes
Sweet potato has high water content, young tissue, thin skin, easy to be damaged, and susceptible to cold damage and infection. It should be noted that the management of its storage period should be strengthened.