Grasp the key technology of pepper seedling cultivation in winter

1. Variety selection

At present, fine varieties of pepper are emerging in endlessly, and varieties can be selected mainly according to yield efficiency and local consumption needs. Generally choose early-maturing, high-yield, thin-skinned, crispy, and good-tasting varieties. The fine pepper varieties suitable for plastic greenhouse cultivation mainly include: â‘ Line pepper varieties: Laguan 1, 3, 5, Lapa, Zhongjia 2047, Lameifeng, Xiangla 3, etc.; â‘¡Screw peppers Main varieties: China Dragon, Jiaolong No.1, etc.; â‘¢Main varieties of oxhorn pepper: Qingfeng Prince, Laizao Bawang, Chaoyue 208, etc.; â‘£Main varieties of vegetable pepper: Bopi Zaofeng, Xiongfeng 818, Xiongfeng Warrior, etc.

2. Seedbed preparation

The nursery land should be leeward and sunny, and fertile yellow sandy soil is better, and plots with heavy soil or heavy sand are not suitable. The plot used as a seedbed is not suitable for stubble planting after the previous stubble has vacated the land, and at the same time, 1500-2000kg of decomposed farmhouse fertilizer per mu is applied to raise the land for more than 1 month.

3. Seeding and mother bed management

sowing

On the selected plastic greenhouse seedbed ground, open a tray-shaped compartment of 1.2m. The bed soil is sieved and stacked on both sides of the seedbed. The bottom of the seedbed is pressed and leveled, and then watered until the soil moisture reaches saturation. After the water seepage, backfill the bed soil piled on both sides to the seedbed. The thickness of the bed soil is about 6cm. After the backfilling is completed, the seedbed will be leveled with a scraper to start seeding. Generally, the seeding amount is 10-15g per 1 square meter. Use after sowing. 30% hymexazol solution 1000 times liquid evenly sprays the seedbed to prevent seedbed diseases. After spraying, cover with sieve soil with a thickness of 1cm. After covering the soil, cover the ground with mulch film to keep moisture. Finally, 2m long bamboo slices or thin bamboo poles are inserted into a small arch shed with a spacing of 1m, covered with 2m wide agricultural film, and planting is completed.

Mother bed management

Close the management one week after sowing, and do not lift the agricultural film in the small arch shed; pay attention to observation after one week; conduct ventilation management after the seedlings are completed, and gradually increase the ventilation rate. For the growth status, carry out pest control or foliar spraying; when it grows to 4 leaves and 1 heart, and the seedling age is about 40 days, the seedlings are divided. Note that the seedling age should be controlled within 45 days.

4. Seedling division

Seedbed preparation

Prepare the seedbed 10 days before seedling. On the selected plot, open a disc bed of 1.2m. The width of the transplanting box is 1.2m and the width of the road box is 0.8-1m. The soil of the box is required to be sieved and stacked, and then rake leveled when the seedlings are separated.

Seedling division

The seedling density is generally 10cm×10cm, and it can be divided into two plants or a single plant. Use a seedling board to cut the seedling ditch and row the seedlings, generally 12 plants per row, and the depth of seedling rowing should be such that the cotyledons are exposed on the bed surface. After the seedlings are arranged, pour water, pay attention to the water dripping on the bottom of the ditch, that is, dark water, and keep the surface of the compartment clean and dry.

Another method is to divide the seedlings in a nutrient bowl with a diameter of about 10cm. After the seedling is divided, cover the small arched shed with agricultural film. Pay attention to the selection of "cold tail warm head" sunny day for seedling separation.

Seedbed management

â‘ Temperature and light management. Do not remove the agricultural film in the small arch shed within one week after the seedlings are divided, and maintain a higher temperature, which is conducive to rooting and slowing the seedlings; gradually ventilate after the seedlings to prevent lodging. Generally, cover the small arch sheds in the big shed with heat preservation quilt or grass about 1 month after the seedling The curtains should be removed early and cover late, and the seedlings should be seen as much as possible while ensuring the temperature. Especially on rainy days, as long as there is no frost damage, the film must be exposed. Seedlings are tempered at low temperature 10-15 days before planting.

â‘¡ Water and fertilizer management. After the seedlings are divided and before the new leaves grow (new roots), you can water; after the heart leaves begin to grow, water them in the morning on a sunny day according to the moisture content, and water them at one time; then decide whether to apply water and fertilizer according to the moisture content and growth, and wait for each watering After the water has soaked and dried, it can be combined with weeding to properly loosen the soil, but the root system must not be damaged.

â‘¢Pest management. As long as the temperature, light, and water and fertilizer management are appropriate, the general seedbed will not cause serious pests and diseases. In daily management, pay attention to maintaining a relatively dry seedling growth environment; at the same time, prevent possible pests and diseases. During the seedling growth period, use sukling (procymidone) + imidacloprid + potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar spray for prevention Spray 2-3 times for disease, insect control and fertilizer supplement. Gray mold is a common disease in winter seedlings of pepper. On the basis of good agricultural control measures, sukeling (procymidone) wettable powder can be used, and the effect is better.

â‘£ Preparation before transplanting. Fill the seedling bed with enough water before transplanting, so as to cut the lumps before planting. When cutting the seedlings, follow the direction of the seedlings so as not to damage the root system; if the seedlings are divided into nutrient bowls, water enough water 2-3 days before planting , To ensure the quality of colonization.

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