The Huanghuai area is the main soybean producing area in China. The annual planting area of ​​soybeans is about 30 million mu, accounting for about 38% of the national soybean area. In recent years, the soybean planting area in Henan Province has increased year by year, and the existing cultivation techniques are difficult to meet the production needs, which severely limits the production level of high-quality varieties. Since 2008, relevant experts from the National Soybean Industrial Technology System have carried out technical research on soybean sowing problems in the Huang-Huai-Hai area, and developed soybean seedless cultivation techniques for no-tillage and straw, and provided a “good prescription†for soybean growers. The provincial soybean production new technology on-site observation training meeting jointly sponsored by Henan Agricultural Technology Extension Station and Provincial Academy of Agricultural Sciences was held in Yuanyang, from field observation to technical training, from the agricultural technology extension stations of various provincial cities in Henan Province. The center) technicians and representatives of some large grain farmers have praised the new technology. New technology makes soybean planting more efficient In a field in the Yuanyang base of the Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, the wheat harvest is completed and the soybeans are waiting to be planted. Different from the general wheat field, the wheat bran here is higher, the soybean sowing machine is different from the ordinary machinery, and the straw processing device is installed before the seeding device. The machine roared, and the visitors were amazed by the operation of the soybean no-tillage and straw sowing machine. This machine is not to smash the wheat straw into the field, but to push the straw to the sides of the sowing row for even coverage, and then spread the soybean evenly. In the field, when the seeds are planted, the wheat straw is evenly covered between the sowed soybeans. The straw is first treated and then sown, so that the sowing of soybeans is in accordance with the set depth and spacing, so as to avoid the problem that the wheat straw has more influence on the operation and blockage of the seeding machine. For the no-tillage and straw planting technology, Lu Aishu from Yongcheng Agricultural Technology Promotion Center is no stranger. She said that Yongcheng is the largest soybean planting area in Henan Province, with a planting area of ​​more than one million mu. This technology plays an important role in ensuring soybean sowing quality and ensuring soybean yield. From rotary tillage to field coverage, wheat straw treatment is practical and efficient “In the past, straw was crushed and returned to the field. Although the problems caused by burning straw were alleviated, there was a certain impact on soybean cultivation.†National Soybean Industrial Technology System Cultivation Position Expert, Researcher Wu Cunxiang, Crop Science Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences According to the introduction, soybeans are used as dwarf stalks, and the row spacing is narrow. There are too many straws in the field, which may lead to congestion of seeding machinery and affect the quality of sowing. Using the no-tillage and straw-sorting seeding technology, the wheat straw is also treated, but it brings higher benefits. Wu Cunxiang said that the main problem of straw returning is that the seeds are planted in the field, and they cannot be fully contacted with the soil. Soybean emergence is prone to problems, while the no-tillage straw technique can effectively treat the straw without affecting the soybean sowing. High, so it can play the production potential of soybean single tree, thus achieving output increase. For many people worried about the straw cover will not affect the emergence of soybeans, Wu Cunxiang explained that not only will not affect, but also bring benefits. "After covering the straw, it can play a role in protecting the water. When the precipitation occurs, the water droplets will hit the straw instead of the soil, which can effectively avoid the knot. At the same time, the covering of the straw can also allow the rain to seep instead of accelerating the loss. Layer quilt." Wu Cunxiang said. Agricultural machinery and agronomy integration, change extensive management for intensive farming The farmer said that he had the money to buy seeds and had no money to buy seedlings. Soybean planting in Henan Province is dominated by wheat bran summer sowing. A large number of field wheat straw and short sowing period make the planting more difficult. The field lacks seedling ridges and “sows†are common. For soybean planting, how to achieve fine The amount of seeding and the quality of the seeding are particularly important. “The integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy is an effective way to improve the quality of soybean sowing, and modern machinery plays a key role.†Professor Chen Haitao, a mechanized post specialist in the national soybean industrial technology system, said that with the deepening of rural land transfer, soybeans Production presents a trend of scale, regionalization and mechanization. According to reports, soybean no-tillage precision seeding cultivation technology is based on the new no-tillage planter, integrated with straw cultivation, precision sowing, closed weeding, straw covering and other cultivation techniques, can be directly planted after the wheat harvest, not killing , without arable land, one-time completion of straw cleaning, precision sowing, closed weeding, straw covering and other operations. “At present, in Jiaxian County, the use of no-tillage and straw-splitting technology has sowed more than 6,000 mu of soybeans. It is estimated that Henan Province can exceed 10,000 mu this year.†National Soybean Industrial Technology System Zhengzhou Comprehensive Experimental Station Director, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Institute Lu Weiguo, director of the Soybean Research Office, said that it is even more crucial that the technology can achieve precise seeding, save 20% of the seeds, and evenly seed the seeds to ensure that the seedlings are evenly distributed, while eliminating the subsequent seedling work. "Sowing sowing is one of the problems of soybean sowing, and it is also the most important factor in soybean production. The introduction of mechanization has made soybean planting a transformation from extensive management to intensive cultivation." Chen Haitao said that the various machines currently being developed, It can be matched with power machines from 30 hp to 200 hp, and is developing supporting technologies such as automatic navigation and autonomous operation. 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