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Second, the incidence conditions: insect pests and high temperature drying prone to soft rot.
Third, control methods: chemical control: for the onset of the plot, available 72% of agricultural streptomycin 1500 ~ 2000 times, plus 50% carbendazim 500 times, or 70% thiophanate-methyl 800 times, or 25 It was treated with 500 mg of auramine copper and 65% of dexamethasone 600 times spray.
Boll red rot 1. Symptoms: The boll red rot mostly occurs on injured cotton bolls, the lesions have no obvious boundaries, and often spread and full bolls with gray mycelium and light to pink spore heaps on the surface. The bolls of the diseased bell cannot normally spit out and shrink.
Second, infestation of the field: the initial infection mainly from the seeds and sickness, as well as the spores produced on the early onset of cotton seedlings. The spores of pathogenic bacteria can spread over short distances or rain and cause re-infestation.
Third, prevention and control methods:
1. Reducing the initial infestation source Cleaning the field, rotating crops, seed treatment, and spraying at the beginning of the disease with mancozeb, bolus and other agents can reduce the occurrence of rotten bells.
2. Remove sick bells. When a large number of boll diseases occur, the bolls that have been infected in the middle and lower parts but the pathogens have not yet penetrated in a timely manner can be removed. After drying, they can receive better seed cotton and reduce the spread of pathogens in the field.
3. Pay attention to the pest during the bell period. The pests in the cotton boll period include corn borers, cotton bollworms, red bollworms, diamond drills, etc. Their foraging wounds also provide access to pathogen invasion. Therefore pest management is a non-negligible measure to alleviate the bell disease.
4. Chemical control: Spray 65% ​​zeocin WP 300-350 times or 50% carbendazim 800-1000 times, 64% WP wet 600 times, interval 5 Spray around once a day, spray 2 or 3 times continuously.
Anthracnose of cotton bolls 1. Symptoms: The rotten bell caused by anthrax is second only to boll disease. The germs directly infect cotton bolls that are healthy and harmless, and the pathogens are the same as those in the seedling stage. The bollworm infection is characterized by a small spot with a dark red color at the beginning, a black or dark brown trap, and a purple-red edge with black particles on the upper surface. The black particles are arranged in concentric circles. When the climate is wet, the surface grows. Light pink to gray brown spores. In severe cases, the cotton bolls do not crack properly, and the fibers turn yellow and become frozen. In the late stage of the disease, other fungal infections often accompany the masking of typical symptoms.
Second, the source of infection and disease conditions: seed fungus is the primary source of disease in the field, the soil in the body and the infected stems, leaves and spores, but also the bacteria source of infection boll. Different cotton varieties and varieties have different resistance to anthracnose. High temperature and high humidity are conducive to infestation hazards. In general, cotton bolls more than 25 days old are most susceptible to disease, and cotton fields with robust cotton fields also have anthrax diseases.
Third, prevention and control methods:
1. Reducing the initial infestation source Clean the field, implement rotation, seed treatment, and use the mancozeb, wave and other liquid agents to spray at the early stage of disease, which can reduce the occurrence of rotten bell.
2. Control the condition. Adjusting the microclimate in the field, timely planting, low-lying sorghum planting, intercropping, fertilization should be reasonable, do not use excessive nitrogen fertilizer.
3. Remove sick bells. When a large number of boll diseases occur, the bolls that have been infected in the middle and lower parts but the pathogens have not yet penetrated in a timely manner can be removed. After drying, they can receive better seed cotton and reduce the spread of pathogens in the field.
4. Chemical control: Initial spraying of 72% agricultural streptomycin 1500-2000 times liquid, choose to add 65% zein zinc WP 300-350 times or 50% carbendazim WP 800-1000 times, 64 % Antivirus WP 600 times, can be added at the same time with good quality foliar fertilizer (appropriate with N, P and K components), plant growth accelerants (Tianfengsu, Shuofeng 481, etc.), about 5 days apart Spray once, continuous spray 2 or 3 times.
The Prevention and Cure Techniques of Three Diseases of Cotton Boll
Boll soft rot disease 1. Symptoms: The diseased bell begins to appear dark green or brown lesions, rapidly expands into a soft rot, and forms a large number of gray white villous mycelium, then turn gray and black, the bell produces black small particles. The interior of the cotton boll is rot-like and the strength of the fiber is reduced, and the disease develops rapidly. The diseased bell can turn into a dry rot after losing water in the sun.