Fruit picking does not forget the management park

In the fall and winter seasons, it was a crucial period for fruit picking. At present, apple, citrus, etc. in most parts of China have entered the fruit-picking period, and fruit growers are also busy managing the orchards. From clear gardens to conservation, a ring of work creates a good fruit tree for the following year. Growing environment. Since orchard management is critical, what does it manage? How to manage? The topics in this issue will be introduced to the readers from several aspects including clear gardens, conservation, and fertilization for reference.

To clean up dead leaves and orchards, the orchard needs "beauty"

Cleaning the litter is one of the main wintering sites for many pests, such as brown spot, spotted deciduous disease, and pear scab, all of which are on damaged leaves, dead branches, dead fruits, and dead fruits. Wintering. Therefore, after the deciduous leaves of fruit trees are thoroughly cleaned, fallen leaves, fallen branches and fruits, buried or directly plucked, or brought out of the orchard, and destroyed litter on the overwintering pests, can greatly reduce the base number of pests in the coming year.

Cut off many diseases and insect pests, such as white rot, pear anthracnose, peach brown rot and other hazards, hang on the branch for a long time, and should be removed in combination with pruning, cut it off, and burn it centrally to reduce its damage. Have a good effect. At the same time, reasonable pruning can adjust the tree load, improve the ventilation and light transmission conditions, promote the robust growth of fruit trees, and can itself significantly improve the disease resistance of fruit trees and reduce its harm.

Many overwintering pests are lurking in the soil under the canopy of deep-grained trees, such as peach borer, pear borer, and date borer. These pests all overwinter in the soil under the trees. Therefore, deep-casting the tree disk before freezing on the soil can directly kill some pests. At the same time, some of the pests originally hidden in the soil were exposed by turning and were preyed or frozen by natural enemies.

Disease prevention and insect protection leaves, fruit trees need "health"

It is very important to prevent the leaves from falling off before harvest. It is very important to prevent pests and protect the leaves after harvest. Because there are still some insects in the park that harm the leaves, there are some diseases that cause defoliation. Therefore, some fungicides and insecticides must be used to prevent and kill insects. Do not allow the leaves to fall off in advance. During this time, the nutrients stored in the tree determine the cold resistance of fruit trees in winter and the resistance of fruit trees in the second year. The more nutrition is stored, the better the cold resistance of fruit trees and the second year of disease resistance.

To increase the photosynthetic efficiency of the leaves to supply a large number of elements, trace elements, and fruit trees. The symptoms of zinc deficiency and iron deficiency in the second year are due to too little nutrients accumulated in the previous year and the fruit trees will not be much in the bud during the second year. As soon as the nutrient accumulation is exhausted, some diseases appear. Therefore, special attention should be paid to supplementing the nutrition of the fruit trees after defoliation. In particular, supplementation of trace elements, if not supplemented, the deficiency of the disease in the next year will be quickly demonstrated.

Fruit picking remembers fertilization, fruit trees need "nutrition"

Fertilization period for early maturing species, robust trees should be after fruit-picking, and for late-maturing species, weak trees and fruit trees with more fruiting dates in advance should be applied for 10 days or half months in advance of fruit harvesting. For example, the application period of winter jujube is earlier than that of other fruit trees. a little. Because compared with other deciduous fruit trees, winter jujube has the characteristics of late sprouting and early deciduous.

The amount of fertilizer and nutrient ratio of fertilizer application vary with tree species and strains, but the same important principles of NPK fertilizer should be embodied. Taking peach as an example, the N, P, K nutrient ratio is 1:0.6:1, and the amount of N applied per plant is about 0.2-0.3 kg. The ratio of N, P and K required for persimmon trees is 1:0.35:0.8, indicating that the demand for nitrogen from persimmon trees is relatively large. In the litchi production area, the phenomenon of partial application of nitrogen fertilizer and neglect of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers and organic fertilizers are common. For this reason, special attention should be paid to the balanced application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizers in this fertilization, and attention should be paid to the supplementary application of calcium, magnesium and trace elements.

The depth of fertilization differs depending on the type of causal tree. Jujube is a shallow-rooted fruit tree with a depth of 40 cm. The depth of the groove is 50-60 cm. The radius of the fertilized canopy is 50 cm deep inward. The deep roots of the persimmon tree and the lateral roots are underdeveloped. The depth should be 60-80 cm. The peach trees should be applied in a ditch or loop and the depth should be 40-50 cm.
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